Raws li thev naus laus zis dhau los, tib neeg xav tau kev cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuab thiab tshuab computer. Qhov no yog qhov twghuman-machine interfaces (HMIs)tuaj rau hauv. HMIs yog cov khoom uas tso cai rau kev sib txuas lus zoo ntawm tib neeg thiab lub tshuab.
Dab tsi yog Human-Machine Interface?
Tib neeg-tshuab interface tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog ib feem ntawm lub tshuab uas tswj cov neeg siv cov tswv yim thiab tawm tswv yim los ntawm lub tshuab kom tso cai rau kev ua haujlwm thiab saib xyuas. HMIs tseem ceeb tsim kom muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm tib neeg thiab cov txheej txheem sab hauv ntawm lub tshuab.
Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws HMI system muaj peb ntu:
1. Cov tswv yim tso cai rau tib neeg tus neeg teb xov tooj xa cov lus txib mus rau lub tshuab. Cov khoom siv uas muaj xws li cov nyees khawm, kov cov ntxaij vab tshaus, cov keyboards, lub suab sensors thiab lub suab lus txib.
2. Outputs tso cai rau lub tshuab qhia nws cov xwm txheej rau tus neeg teb xov tooj ntawm cov lus qhia, qhov taw qhia teeb, tswb, hais lus thiab lwm yam.
3. Software thiab kev sib txuas txuas txuas cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv los txhais cov cim hauv ob qho tib si. Qhov no tso cai rau kev sib txuas lus seamless.
HMIs tsim tau zoo ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tso cai rau tib neeg thiab tshuab pauv cov ntaub ntawv hauv txoj kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws.
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm HMIs zoo
Tag nrho cov haujlwm ntawm tib neeg-tshuab interface yog:
-Tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb hauv qhov system zoo thiab intuitively
- Tso cai rau cov neeg ua haujlwm saib xyuas, kho thiab daws teeb meem cov txheej txheem thiab cov txheej txheem
- Pab kom ceev thiab raug tswj xyuas los ntawm tus neeg teb xov tooj
- Txo cov neeg ua haujlwm qaug zog thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm tib neeg yuam kev
Tshwj xeeb, qee lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb hauv HMI tsim yog:
- Intuitive displays - yuav tsum yooj yim los txhais ib nrais muag
- Tsawg qhov nyuaj - tsuas yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau muab tso tawm
- Cov lus qhia siv tau - ceeb toom tus neeg teb xov tooj ntawm xwm txheej thiab teeb meem
- Kev kam rau ua yuam kev - tiv thaiv lossis kho cov neeg siv yuam kev
- Yooj yim kawm thiab nco txog kev ua haujlwm
- Kev tswj tau yooj yim - muab tso rau hauv qhov ncav cuag
- Daim ntawv qhia ntawm kev tswj hwm thiab kev ua yuav tsum yog qhov laj thawj
- Adaptable rau cov neeg siv kev txawj ntse thiab kev siv cov ntsiab lus
HMIs rau ntau daim ntawv thov
Tib neeg-tshuab interface technologies muaj ntau haiv neeg kom haum rau ntau yam kev lag luam thiab cov ntsiab lus:
Manufacturing HMIs
- Cov neeg ua haujlwm vaj huam sib luag los tswj cov tshuab muaj xws li cov caj npab robotic
- Touchscreen kev taw qhia thiab ceev tswj rau precision
- Force tawm tswv yim joysticks lossis hnab looj tes rau kev siv cov khoom siv
Transportation HMIs
- Dashboards nrog speedometer, roj ntsuas thiab lwm yam hauv tsheb
- Cov nyees khawm thiab pedals tswj ceev, nres, teeb liab
- Davhlau lawj interfaces hauv dav hlau cockpits
Consumer Product HMIs
- Touchscreens, lub suab pab thiab apps ntawm smartphones
- Cov chaw taws teeb, cov nyees khawm thiab cov ntawv qhia zaub mov ntawm TVs thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev
- Touchpads ntawm laptops, game controllers, ATMs
Cov cuab yeej kho mob HMIs
- Cov ntaub ntawv qhia, ceeb toom thiab kov interfaces ntawm lub plawv saib, lub tshuab ua pa thiab lwm yam.
- Tswj vaj huam sib luag rau xaiv qhov ntsuas ntawm cov tshuab ntsuas
- Graphical neeg siv interfaces ntawm robotic phais cov cuab yeej
HMI tsim tau zoo ua kom muaj kev sib cuam tshuam thiab txhim kho kev paub txog xwm txheej. Qhov no txhim kho kev tsim khoom, kev nyab xeeb thiab kev paub siv neeg siv thoob plaws ntau qhov chaw.
HMI Design Principles
Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo qee cov hauv paus ntsiab lus rau kev ua kom zoo ntawm tib neeg-tshuab interfaces:
- Tsim kom muaj kev sib luag - cov haujlwm zoo sib xws yuav tsum siv cov kev tswj hwm thiab cov qauv zoo sib xws
- Muab cov lus qhia tawm tswv yim - kom tus neeg teb xov tooj paub txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lawv qhov kev ua
- Kev zam txim rau qhov yuam kev - tiv thaiv lossis thim rov qab ua tsis tau zoo
- Kev sib tw ntawm qhov system thiab lub ntiaj teb tiag tiag - cov lus pom zoo ntawm kev tswj hwm tiag tiag
- Tus neeg siv-customizable - tso cai rau kev kho kom haum raws li qhov xav tau thiab nyiam
- Tsawg nco load - tsis txhob ua rau cov neeg siv rov qab ua haujlwm nyuaj
- Cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim nkag tau - cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau muab tau yooj yim
- Cov qauv yooj yim rau cov novice vs cov kws tshaj lij - hloov mus rau qib kev txawj
Qhov zoo ntawm Kev Tsim Kho HMIs zoo
Kev nqis peev hauv cov neeg siv-centered HMI tsim muaj ntau yam txiaj ntsig:
- Txhim kho cov khoom tsim tau thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo
- Txo kev qaug zog vim kev ua haujlwm yooj yim dua
- Txhim kho kev nyab xeeb thiab txo kev pheej hmoo
- Kev kawm nrawm dua rau cov neeg ua haujlwm tshiab
- Ntau tus neeg siv txaus siab thiab kev koom tes
- Txo tus nqi yuam kev thiab nres thaum muaj xwm ceev
- Kev saib xyuas zoo dua ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov system
- Txhim khu kev paub txog qhov xwm txheej thiab kev txiav txim siab
Raws li cov thev naus laus zis nce qib, kev sib txuas ntawm tib neeg-tshuab kev sib cuam tshuam los ntawm HMIs intuitive heev yuav tsuas yog qhov tseem ceeb dua. Ua tib zoo tsim HMI tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm yuav luag txhua qhov kev ua haujlwm nyuaj.
Xi'an Guosheng Laser Technology Co., Ltd. yog ib lub tuam txhab high-tech tshwj xeeb hauv R & D, tsim thiab muag cov tshuab laser tsis siv neeg cladding, high-speed laser cladding tshuab, laser quenching tshuab, laser vuam tshuab thiab laser 3D tshuab luam ntawv. Peb cov khoom raug nqi zoo thiab muag hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws. Yog tias koj txaus siab rau peb cov khoom, thov hu rau peb ntawmbob@gshenglaser.com.
Cov ntaub ntawv:
1. Lee, S., Kim, J., Hwang, J. (2021). Tib neeg-tshuab interface thiab nws daim ntawv thov los tswj cov tshuab. International Journal of Precision Engineering thiab Manufacturing, 22(7), 1201-1216.
2. Norman, D. (2013). Kev tsim cov khoom txhua hnub: Hloov kho thiab nthuav tawm ib tsab. Phau ntawv Basic (AZ).
3. Oviatt, S., & Cohen, PR (2015, Peb Hlis). Lub paradigm hloov mus rau multimodality nyob rau hauv niaj hnub computer interfaces. Synthesis Lectures on Human-Centered Informatics, 8(3), 1-243.