Niaj hnub nimno aero-engine muaj ntau yam kev qhuab qhia xws li pneumatics, thermal engineering, qauv thiab lub zog, kev tswj, kev sim, khoos phis tawj, kev tsim technology thiab cov khoom siv, thiab tau qhuas tias yog lub hlaws nyob rau hauv lub crown ntawm niaj hnub kev lag luam. Cov hniav compressor yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm aeroengine. Lub zog centrifugal thiab nws lub sijhawm khoov, aerodynamic quab yuam thiab nws lub sijhawm khoov, thermal load thiab vibration load, thaum ntsib kev hem thawj ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov khoom txawv teb chaws, xws li cov xuab zeb, cov noog ya, ua ke nrog ntau cov aero-engine rotor hniav, compressor. cov hniav yog qhov tsis tshua muaj neeg hnav, corrosion pits, ntog blocks, deformation, tawg thiab tawg thiab lwm yam kev puas tsuaj ua rau cov hniav tsis ua hauj lwm, uas ua phem heev rau kev ntseeg siab thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov dav hlau. Vim muaj cov ntsiab lus siab, tus nqi siab, kev ua haujlwm siab thiab kev tu lub voj voog ntev ntawm compressor hniav, tus nqi ntawm kev kho cov hniav puas tsuas yog 20% ntawm tus nqi ntawm kev hloov cov hniav ncaj qha. Yog li kev kho cov hniav puas yog kev lag luam ntau dua, ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg thiab kev xaiv zoo.
Laser cladding yog ib qho kev hloov kho saum npoo av nrov hauv xyoo tas los no. Piv nrog rau cov txheej txheem kev hloov kho saum npoo av, laser cladding muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov qib siab ntawm automation, zoo thiab cov qauv ntawm cov txheej cladding, nplua nplej, siab sib txuas lub zog ntawm cov txheej cladding thiab matrix, thiab me me thermal deformation ntawm matrix.
Hauv daim ntawv no, Ti811 titanium alloy high-pressure compressor hniav yog siv raws li cov khoom tshawb fawb, thiab cov txheej txheem cladding yog npaj rau ntawm Ti811 alloy high-pressure compressor hniav los ntawm kev siv cov coaxial hmoov xa laser cladding technology, thiab TC{{4 }}Ni45+Y2O3 tov hmoov hmoov yog siv los ua cov khoom siv cladding. Cov theem muaj pes tsawg leeg, microstructure thiab microhardness ntawm cladding txheej yog soj ntsuam. Nws muab lub hauv paus rau kev kho ntawm titanium alloy compressor hniav.
Cov ntaub ntawv xeem thiab cov txheej txheem xeem
Lub substrate siv nyob rau hauv qhov kev sim yog Ti811 titanium alloy high-pressure compressor hniav. Table 1 qhia cov tshuaj tseem ceeb ntawm Ti811 titanium alloy. Qhov saum npoo ntawm compressor hniav yog polished nrog emery daim ntawv kom tshem tawm oxides, thiab ntxuav nrog anhydrous ethanol thiab qhuav. Laser cladding hmoov yog 65wt% TC4, 33wt% Ni45A thiab 2wt% Y2O3 mixed alloy hmoov, hmoov txoj kab uas hla ntawm 50 ~ 120μm. Table 2 thiab Table 3 qhia cov tshuaj tseem ceeb ntawm TC4 thiab Ni45, raws li.
Table 1 Tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm Ti811 alloying (Wt, %)
|
Al |
V |
Mo |
C |
Fe |
N |
O |
Ti |
|
8.1 |
0.99 |
1.05 |
0.03 |
0.01 |
0.05 |
0.06 |
Bal |
Table 2 Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm TC4 (wt, %)
|
Al |
V |
Fe |
C |
N |
O |
Ti |
|
|
5.5~6.8 |
3.5~4.5 |
0.3 |
0.1 |
0.05 |
0.2 |
Bal |
Table 3 Tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm Ni45 (wt,%)
|
C |
B |
Si |
Cr |
Fe |
Ni |
|
0.3~0.6 |
2.0~3.0 |
3.0~4.5 |
11.0~15.0 |
5 |
Bal |
Lub zog laser yog 350W, scanning ceev yog 7mm / s, hmoov pub ceev yog 0.9g / s, laser qhov chaw txoj kab uas hla yog 1 hli, kev tiv thaiv roj ntws tus nqi yog 17nl / min, hmoov gas flow rate yog, cov hmoov roj thiab cov roj tiv thaiv yog argon.
Lub macro pom ntawm cladding txheej tau pom los ntawm optical microscopes. GeminiSEM 460 scanning electron microscope (SEM) tau siv los txheeb xyuas qhov microstructure ntawm cladding txheej. Lub microhardness ntawm cladding txheej tau ntsuas los ntawm Qness Q10A + hluav taws xob microhardness tester.
Cov qhabnias xeem thiab kev txheeb xyuas
Pores thiab kab nrib pleb yog qhov teeb meem feem ntau hauv cov txheej txheem laser cladding. Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim cov pores yog tias cov hmoov roj tsis raug tshem tawm hauv lub sijhawm thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub pas dej molten, thiab cov ntaub ntawv cladding ib nrab yog vaporized vim lub siab laser kub thaum lub sij hawm melting txheej txheem. Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab nrib pleb yog kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau, kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov qauv thiab kev kaw cia. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm laser cladding, tsim, solidification thiab txias ntawm lub molten pas dej ua ke yog ua tiav nyob rau hauv ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm, thiab ceev ceev cua txias thiab ceev cua kub txheej txheem ua rau ib tug loj heev kub gradient, uas zoo heev tsub kom lub thermal stress. Qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm microstructure yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm kub ntawm cov khoom siv cladding thiab cov khoom siv hauv paus tib lub sijhawm, thiab kev hloov pauv tsis sib xws thaum lub sijhawm hloov pauv. Confining stress yog tensile stress thiab compressive stress uas tshwm sim los ntawm thermal expansion thiab txias contraction ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, thiab nws kuj yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev nyuaj siab.
FIG. 4 qhia txog ntu ntu ntawm cladding txheej thiab cladding txheej ntawm Ti811 titanium alloy hniav nto. Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias qhov chaw ntawm txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej yog txuas ntxiv thiab tsis sib xws, txheej txheej cladding tsis muaj qhov porosity, tawg thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag, thiab cov qauv sab hauv ntawm cov txheej txheej cladding yog ntom thiab sib xws, thiab txheej txheej cladding. ua kom zoo metallurgical ua ke nrog cov hniav matrix. Nws tuaj yeem pom tias kev siv cov nyhuv ntawm cov txheej txheem laser cladding yog qhov zoo.
(a) hniav cladding txheej (b) cladding txheej hla ntu
Xaus
1. Hauv daim ntawv no, cov hmoov sib tov sib xyaw yog siv los ua cov khoom siv cladding ntawm cov hniav ntawm Ti811 titanium alloy high-pressure compressor, thiab multi-channel cladding txheej yog npaj los ntawm laser cladding technology. Lub cladding txheej yog sib npaug sib npaug yam tsis muaj macroscopic defects xws li pores thiab kab nrib pleb. Cov theem precipitated hauv cladding txheej yog feem ntau TiC, TIB2, Ti2Ni thiab -Ti substrates.
2. Nyob rau hauv lub cladding txheej, TiC yog equiaaxial kheej kheej, Ti2Ni yog irregular loj, TiB2 yog dendrite theem, TiC nucleates heterogenous nyob rau saum npoo ntawm TiB2, tsim ib tug composite structural theem, thiab lub precipitated theem ho txhim kho microhardness thiab hnav tsis kam ntawm lub cladding txheej.
3. Lub microhardness ntawm lub laser cladding txheej yog mus txog 982HV0.3, thiab qhov nruab nrab microhardness yog 906HV0.3, uas yog hais txog 2.04 npaug ntawm cov substrate. Tus nqi hnav ntawm cov txheej txheej yog 1.07 × 10-3mm2 / (Nm), uas yog li 51.5% tsawg dua li ntawm cov substrate.